Senate Committee of Reference Report

Committee on Judiciary

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April 9, 2025

After consideration on the merits, the Committee recommends the following:

SB25-116     be amended as follows, and as so amended, be referred to the Committee of the Whole with favorable recommendation and with a recommendation that it be placed on the consent calendar:

Page 1, Line 1Amend printed bill, strike everything below the enacting clause and

Page 1, Line 2substitute:

Page 1, Line 3"SECTION 1.  Legislative declaration. (1)  The general

Page 1, Line 4assembly finds that:

Page 1, Line 5(a)  In Colorado:

Page 1, Line 6(I)  Between 25,000 and 30,000 divorces are filed each year;

Page 1, Line 7(II)  More than 10,000 protection orders are issued annually;

Page 1, Line 8(III)  Between 15% and 30% of divorces involve domestic

Page 1, Line 9violence; and

Page 1, Line 10(IV)  Spousal support is awarded in approximately 15% of

Page 1, Line 11divorces;

Page 1, Line 12(b)  Under current Colorado law:

Page 1, Line 13(I)  When a party files a petition for dissolution of marriage or

Page 1, Line 14legal separation, the party is required to disclose any temporary or

Page 1, Line 15permanent protection order that has been entered against either party

Page 1, Line 16within the 2 years prior to filing the petition;

Page 1, Line 17(II)  A judge may review and consider the criminal history of each

Page 1, Line 18party within the 2 years prior to filing a petition for child custody, but a

Page 1, Line 19judge is prohibited from reviewing and considering the criminal history

Page 1, Line 20of a party in making a determination of, or eligibility for, spousal support.

Page 1, Line 21This may result in a financially secure victim being forced to pay spousal

Page 1, Line 22support to their abuser.

Page 1, Line 23(c)  If a marriage lasts less than 3 years, spousal maintenance is not

Page 1, Line 24typically required. Conversely, marriages that last more than 20 years

Page 1, Line 25generally include permanent spousal maintenance payments, which

Page 1, Line 26persist until either spouse remarries or dies.

Page 2, Line 1(2)  Therefore, the general assembly declares that Senate Bill 25-

Page 2, Line 2116 is intended to:

Page 2, Line 3(a)  Allow a court to consider, when determining spousal

Page 2, Line 4maintenance, whether a spouse committed various forms of abuse against

Page 2, Line 5the other spouse, including domestic violence, coercive control, economic

Page 2, Line 6abuse, litigation abuse, emotional abuse, physical abuse, or unlawful

Page 2, Line 7sexual behavior; and

Page 2, Line 8(b)  Allow a court to review any prior acts of domestic violence or

Page 2, Line 9similarly categorized charges as part of the court's guidelines for

Page 2, Line 10determining spousal maintenance.

Page 2, Line 11SECTION 2.  In Colorado Revised Statutes, 14-10-103, add (1.5)

Page 2, Line 12as follows:

Page 2, Line 1314-10-103.  Definitions and interpretations of terms. (1.5)  As

Page 2, Line 14used in this article 10, unless the context otherwise requires:

Page 2, Line 15(a)  "Coercive control" has the same meaning as set forth

Page 2, Line 16in section 14-10-124 (1.3).

Page 2, Line 17(b)  "Domestic violence" has the same meaning as set forth

Page 2, Line 18in section 14-10-124 (1.3).

Page 2, Line 19(c)  "Economic abuse" means a behavior that is coercive,

Page 2, Line 20deceptive, or manipulative, or that restrains, sabotages, or

Page 2, Line 21unreasonably controls a person's ability to acquire, use, or

Page 2, Line 22maintain economic resources that the person is entitled to,

Page 2, Line 23including using coercion, threat of harm, force, fraud, or

Page 2, Line 24manipulation to:

Page 2, Line 25(I)  Restrict a person's access to money, assets, credit, or

Page 2, Line 26financial information;

Page 2, Line 27(II)  Steal or unfairly use a person's economic resources,

Page 2, Line 28including money, assets, or credit;

Page 2, Line 29(III)  Use a person's credit or property without

Page 2, Line 30authorization;

Page 2, Line 31(IV)  Prevent a person from leaving the person's residence

Page 2, Line 32to attend school or employment;

Page 2, Line 33(V)  Exploit the person's resources for personal gain;

Page 2, Line 34(VI)  Withhold individual resources from a person, such as

Page 2, Line 35food, clothing, necessary medications, or shelter;

Page 2, Line 36(VII)  Cause or attempt to cause a person to be financially

Page 2, Line 37dependent by maintaining control over the person's financial

Page 2, Line 38resources; or

Page 2, Line 39(VIII)  Exert undue influence over a person's financial

Page 2, Line 40behavior or decisions, including forcing default on joint or

Page 2, Line 41other financial obligations; exploiting powers of attorney,

Page 2, Line 42guardianship, or conservatorship; or threatening to expose a

Page 2, Line 43person's suspected citizenship or immigration status or the

Page 3, Line 1suspected citizenship or immigration status of a person's family

Page 3, Line 2member to a federal, state, or local agency.

Page 3, Line 3(d)  "Unlawful sexual behavior" has the same meaning as

Page 3, Line 4set forth in section 16-22-102.

Page 3, Line 5SECTION 3.  In Colorado Revised Statutes, 14-10-107.8, amend

Page 3, Line 6(1) as follows:

Page 3, Line 714-10-107.8.  Required notice of prior restraining, civil

Page 3, Line 8protection, or emergency protection orders to prevent domestic abuse

Page 3, Line 9- petitions for dissolution of marriage or legal separation. (1)  When

Page 3, Line 10filing a petition for dissolution of marriage or legal separation pursuant

Page 3, Line 11to this article article 10, the filing party shall have has a duty to

Page 3, Line 12disclose to the court the existence of any prior temporary or permanent

Page 3, Line 13restraining orders and civil protection orders to prevent domestic abuse

Page 3, Line 14issued pursuant to article 14 of title 13, C.R.S., any mandatory restraining

Page 3, Line 15order and protection orders issued pursuant to section 18-1-1001, C.R.S.,

Page 3, Line 16and any emergency protection orders issued pursuant to section

Page 3, Line 1713-14-103 C.R.S., entered against either party when the other spouse

Page 3, Line 18was the protected person, by any court, within two five years prior

Page 3, Line 19to the filing of the petition of dissolution of marriage or legal separation.

Page 3, Line 20The disclosure required pursuant to this section shall must address the

Page 3, Line 21subject matter of the previous restraining, civil protection, or emergency

Page 3, Line 22protection orders, including the case number and jurisdiction issuing such

Page 3, Line 23the orders.

Page 3, Line 24SECTION 4.  In Colorado Revised Statutes, 14-10-114, amend

Page 3, Line 25(3)(c)(XII); and add (3)(c)(XII.5) as follows:

Page 3, Line 2614-10-114.  Spousal maintenance - advisory guidelines -

Page 3, Line 27legislative declaration - definitions. (3) (c)  Factors affecting the

Page 3, Line 28amount and term of maintenance. In any proceeding for maintenance,

Page 3, Line 29the court shall consider all relevant factors, including but not limited to:

Page 3, Line 30(XII)  Whether the maintenance is deductible for federal income

Page 3, Line 31tax purposes by the payor and taxable income to the recipient, and any

Page 3, Line 32adjustments to the amount of maintenance to equitably allocate the tax

Page 3, Line 33burden between the parties; and

Page 3, Line 34(XII.5)  Whether a spouse has engaged in domestic violence,

Page 3, Line 35coercive control, economic abuse, litigation abuse, emotional

Page 3, Line 36abuse, physical abuse, or unlawful sexual behavior against the

Page 3, Line 37other spouse; and

Page 3, Line 38SECTION 5.  Act subject to petition - effective date. This act

Page 3, Line 39takes effect at 12:01 a.m. on the day following the expiration of the

Page 3, Line 40ninety-day period after final adjournment of the general assembly; except

Page 3, Line 41that, if a referendum petition is filed pursuant to section 1 (3) of article V

Page 3, Line 42of the state constitution against this act or an item, section, or part of this

Page 3, Line 43act within such period, then the act, item, section, or part will not take

Page 4, Line 1effect unless approved by the people at the general election to be held in

Page 4, Line 2November 2026 and, in such case, will take effect on the date of the

Page 4, Line 3official declaration of the vote thereon by the governor.".